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Search for "DRECHSLERA": 24 articles found in Index.

ONDŘEJ M. (1989): Key to the species of Drechslera Ito sensu lato on the territory of Czechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 43(1): 45-50   (published: 6th February, 1989)
  abstract   The key to Drechslera Ito sensu lato is arranged only for species found on the territory of Czechoslovakia. The individual species are distinguished on the basis of their conidium size and shape. The list of 20 species having been observed on the 34 host plants is included. The key includes anamorphs also assigned to Bipolaris and Exserohilum based on morphological and teleomorph distinctions. Practical methods for isolating and preparing diagnostic material from infected leaves are discussed.

ONDŘEJ M. (1988): New species of Drechslera Ito in Czechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 42(2): 84-89   (published: 10th May, 1988)
  abstract   Three new species of Drechslera Ito (Fungi imperfecti, Hyphomycetes, Dematiaceae) from Czechoslovakia are treated: D. triseti Ondřej, D. flavispora Ondřej and D. holci Ondřej. Historical taxonomic context, differentiation from similar species, and details on host plants are given.

OTČENÁŠEK M., DVOŘÁK J. (1985): Fungi infecting man. Taxonomy of agents of human mycoses in an alphabetical survey.  Česká Mykologie 39(3): 155-164   (published: 1985)
  abstract   An orientational survey of taxonomy of fungi which have been described as agents of human mycoses is given. An alphabetical list of 163 agents contains data on synonyms of the individual species and organs afflicted by them. The literature citation of the earliest paper calling attention to pathogenicity is provided. Current nomenclature of anamorph and teleomorph stages and their mutual relation is discussed.

ONDŘEJ M. (1983): Zum Auftreten von Pilzen der Gattungen Drechslera Ito und Dendryphion Wallroth (Fungi imperfecti) auf dem Flachs in der Tschechoslowakei.  Česká Mykologie 37(2): 72-76   (published: 1983)
  abstract   In the years 1975–1980, the occurrence of three species of fungi of the genus Drechslera Ito and one species of Dendryphion Wallroth was found on flax plants (Linum usitatissimum L.) in Czechoslovakia. Two of the reported species had not previously been detected on flax in Czechoslovakia — Drechslera lini (Gentner) Ondřej and Dendryphion nanum (C. G. Nees) Hughes.

PARVEEN S., WANI A.H., BHAT M.Y., PALA S.A. (2018): Comparative study of the antimycotic activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Berberis lyceum and Rumex obtusifolius against selected rot fungi.   [plant extracts, phytochemicals, antimycotic effectiveness, minimum inhibitory concentration, inhibition zone]  Czech Mycology 70(1): 47-56   (published: 16th March, 2018)
  abstract   Two medicinal plants, Berberis lyceum and Rumex obtusifolius, were screened for the presence of various phytochemicals and for their antifungal activity. The phytochemical tests carried out in the present study demonstrated the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, quinones and terpenoids in the plant extracts. Therefore, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of these medicinal plants were evaluated for their antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium herbarum and Trichothecium roseum, using the agar well diffusion method. All the plant extracts at different concentrations showed significant antifungal activity against the tested fungi. Of the two plant extracts, B. lyceum showed stronger antifungal activity than R. obtusifolius. Ethanolic extracts of both plants showed stronger mycelial growth inhibition than aqueous extracts. The ethanolic extracts of B. lyceum showed the strongest antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum (inhibition zone diameter of 41 mm) followed by the ethanolic extracts of R. obtusifolius against P. chrysogenum (inhibition zone diameter 39 mm). Hence, it is concluded that these medicinal plants have a broad-spectrum antifungal activity and are a potential alternative to reduce various fungal pathogens.

MOUBASHER A.H., ABDEL-SATER M.A., SOLIMAN Z.S.M. (2018): Diversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi in mud from hypersaline and freshwater bodies in Egypt.   [fungal diversity, alkalinity, Wadi El-Natrun, lakes, Ibrahimia Canal, River Nile, molecular characterisation, ITS]  Czech Mycology 70(1): 1-32   (published: 26th January, 2018)
  abstract   The diversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi in muds from hypersaline alkaline lakes of Wadi ElNatrun and fresh water of the Nile River and Ibrahimia Canal was evaluated. The mean pH of saline water mud was 9.21, but fresh water mud registered 8.07. A total of 193 species (two varieties were distinguished in two of them) belonging to 67 genera were recovered from both muds investigated on DRBC (55 genera, 164 species), DG18 (36 genera, 117 species) and MY50G (23 genera, 76 species) media. From these, 17 species assigned to 12 genera were yeasts and 176 species and 2 varieties assigned to 55 genera were filamentous fungi. The highest numbers of fungal propagules were recovered on DRBC from freshwater mud, while the lowest on MY50G from saline water mud. Yeasts constituted a small proportion of all propagules from the two mud types on all three media, whereas filamentous fungi were the major component. However, freshwater mud samples yielded higher numbers of yeast genera and species using all three media. Candida was common in freshwater mud and rare in saline water mud, while Meyerozyma and Rhodotorula were infrequent in both muds. The remaining yeast species were recovered from freshwater mud only. Aspergillus (46 species) was the most common genus of filamentous fungi encountered in all samples, ranging in frequency from 39.82% to 96.62%; A. terreus, A. flavipes and A. niger dominated in both types of mud. Cladosporium (9 species), Fusarium (8 species), Penicillium (18 species) and Scopulariopsis (7 species) were encountered in both types of mud. Notably, 47 filamentous species were isolated only on the media with lower water activity (DG18, MY50G).

ABDULLAH S.K., MONFORT E., ASENSIO L., SALINAS J., LOPEZ LLORCA L.V., JANSSON H.B. (2010): Soil mycobiota of date palm plantations in Elche, SE Spain.   [soil saprotrophic fungi, phytopathogenic fungi, Phoenix dactylifera, isolation methods]  Czech Mycology 61(2): 149-162   (published: 10th August, 2010)
  abstract   The mycobiota of soil from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plantations in Elche, SE Spain was examined using 23 soil samples and five isolation methods. One hundred and nineteen species assigned to 67 genera were isolated. The most frequent species were in decreasing order: Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Neosartorya spinosa, Thielaviopsis punctulata, Chaetomium bostrychodes, Gilmaniella macrospora, Aspergillus candidus, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus microsporus, Sordaria fimicola, Aspergillus terreus, Chaetomium murorum, Fusarium solani, Mucor racemosus, Penicillium citrinum and Thielaviopsis paradoxa. The thermotolerant and thermophilic species of Malbranchea cinnamomea, Myriococcum thermophilum, Rhizomucor miehei, Scytalidium thermophilum, Talaromyces emersonii, Thermoascus aurantiacus and Thermomyces lanuginosus were detected in various frequencies of occurrence. Our findings are compared with those from a similar survey of soil from date palm plantations in Iraq. Our study indicates that there is no characteristic mycobiota for soil in date palm plantations except for the more frequent isolation of some species well known as pathogens on date palm.

LEIŠOVÁ-SVOBODOVÁ L., HANZALOVÁ A., KUČERA L. (2010): The variability of a Pyrenophora tritici-repentis population as revealed by inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism with regard to the Ptr ToxA gene.   [Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Ptr ToxA gene, retrotransposons]  Czech Mycology 61(2): 125-138   (published: 10th August, 2010)
  abstract   Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (PTR) is one of the pathogens causing leaf spots in wheat. It occurs everywhere wheat is grown and forms populations with a high genetic variability. The aim of this study was to find a key to explain the relation between PTR population variability and its race spectrum. We studied the variability of a P. tritici-repentis population by analysing the retroelements Pyggy, TfoI, and MITE using two approaches: SSAP and IRAP. By analysing all 122 Pyrenophora spp. with four SSAP primer combinations and two IRAP markers, 186 polymorphic bands were detected. Cluster analysis based on molecular data showed that the variability of P. tritici-repentis isolates established by retrotransposon analysis cannot be explained by the race spectrum, except for race 4, or by geographic origin. A significant correlation was found, with two SSAP, three TfoI, and two MITE markers, between the presence or absence of the marker and the presence or absence of the Ptr ToxA gene, which is considered to be the main pathogenicity factor of this fungus. We found retrotransposons a powerful tool for the study of fungal population-genetic variability.

RAVIKUMAR M., SRIDHAR K.R., SIVAKUMAR T., KARAMCHAND K.S., SIVAKUMAR N., VELLAIYAN R. (2009): Diversity of filamentous fungi on coastal woody debris after tsunami on the southeast coast of India.   [tsunami, Bay of Bengal, southeast coast of India, woody litter, fungal diversity]  Czech Mycology 61(1): 107-115   (published: 29th September, 2009)
  abstract   Five coastal locations on the southeast coast of India severely disturbed after the tsunami on December 26, 2004 were surveyed for the occurrence of filamentous fungi on woody debris by means of short-term (1 month) and long-term (12 months) damp incubation. Short-term incubation revealed 26 mitosporic fungi (8 genera) ranging from 14 to 17 taxa per location with a total frequency of occurrence between 0.4 and 5.6 %. Aspergillus taxa were dominant and six of them were common to all locations.Long-term incubation yielded 35 fungi (25 genera) (22 ascomycetes, 1 basidiomycete and 12 mitosporic fungi). The total fungal taxa per location ranged from 25 to 28 with a total frequency of occurrence of 0.8 to 46.8 %. Corollospora gracilis was the most dominant ascomycete (46.8 %), while Cirrenalia tropicalis and Dictyosporium pelagicum dominated among mitosporic fungi (18 %). The total frequency of occurrence of 11 ascomycetes and four mitosporic fungi was above 10 %. Twelve ascomycetes and two mitosporic fungi were common to all locations. The richness of fungi was higher after long-term than short-term incubation. The occurrence of 61 fungal taxa in this study suggests that the tsunami-dumped woody litter on the southeast coast of India might have at least partially originated from the ocean, thus representing a mosaic of fungi existing in seawater and sediments.

HASHEM M. (2004): Biological control of two phytopathogenic fungal species isolated from the rhizoplane of soybean (Glycine max).   [biological control, soybean, Macrophominaphaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani]  Czech Mycology 56(3-4): 223-238   (published: 22nd December, 2004)
  abstract   Two hundred isolates representing 31 fungal species (20 genera) were recovered from soybean roots. Samples were collected from 12 localities at 3 different growth stages of the crop. The most dominant species were Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani (Nectria haematococca), Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani. Pathogenicity tests have proved the ability of Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani to infect soybean roots and produce the symptoms of damping-off and root-rot diseases.The efficacy of three antagonists (Trichodermaharzianum, Epicoccum nigrum and Paecilomyceslilacinus) as well as two organic compounds (Strom and F-760) was evaluated as to their control of pathogenic fungi . Biocontrol fungi significantly suppressed Macrophominaphaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani in vitro and in vivo. Epicoccum nigrum and Paecilomyces lilacinus suppressed the growth of the pathogens by producing an inhibition zone while Trichoderma harzianum suppressed them by overgrowing. Strom and F-760 showed lower reduction effect of diseases in comparison with the antagonists.

Book review - Lindow S.E., Hecht-Poinar E.I., Elliott V.J. (eds.): Phyllosphere microbiology.  Czech Mycology 56(1-2): 174   (published: 12th August, 2004)

GIRIVASAN K.P., SURYANARAYANAN T.S. (2004): Intact leaves as substrate for fungi: distribution of endophytes and phylloplane fungi in rattan palms.   [phylloplane fungi, endophytes, Calamus, India]  Czech Mycology 56(1-2): 33-43   (published: 12th August, 2004)
  abstract   Leaves of twelve species of Calamus from southern India were screened simultaneously for the presence of phylloplane and endophytic fungi. Sampling of 2400 leaf segments yielded 824 endophyte isolates belonging to 34 species. Thirty species of phylloplane fungi were recorded. Several fungal species were found to be shared as endophytes by different hosts. However, the overlap between endophyte assemblage and phylloplane fungi of each host was low, suggesting that these two distinct groups of fungi occupy different niches, there by avoiding competition.

KUMARAN R.S., KANNABIRAN B. (2003): Mycotoxic effect of Abrus precatorius and Rauvolfia tetraphylla root extracts on the growth of Colletotrichum capsici.   [root extracts, antifungal activity, mycelial biomass, protein, nucleic acid]  Czech Mycology 55(1-2): 51-56   (published: 23rd July, 2003)
  abstract   Ethanolic root extracts of Abrus precatorius and Rauvolfia tetraphylla and the chemical fungicide Mancozeb were tested for their mycotoxicity on the mycelial growth (biomass), total protein and nucleic acid content of Colletotrichum, capsici. The extracts of Abrus precatorius showed significant inhibition on mycelial biomass and synthesis of total protein, DNA and RNA. The mycotoxicity might be due to the presence of antifungal compounds like proteins, alkaloids, phenolics and other secondary metabolites in root extracts.

MOSTAFA M.E., ZOHRI A.A., KOTBY R.S. (2001): Lipid, sterol and ergosterol accumulation in isolates of dematiaceous Hyphomycetes.   [Lipid, sterol, ergosterol, dematiaceous hyphomycetes]  Czech Mycology 53(2): 149-159   (published: 20th February, 2002)
  abstract   Mycelial dry weight, lipid and sterol contents of fungi tested varied with fungalgenus, species and even with isolate of one species. Their dry mass fluctuated between lll.6±l0.7-457.0±41.5 mg/50 ml medium. Lipids, sterols and ergosterol accumulated by the isolates tested ranged from 4.52±0.5-29.04±2.76%, 1.23±0.16-10.63±l.24% and 0.43±0.057-7.13±0.695% of their dry mass, respectively. Cochliobolus spicifer isolate No. 35 was the highest lipid-producer while Ulocladium atrum No. 90 proved to be superior in the production of sterols and ergosterol. TLC technique and chemical analysis of lipid classes produced by U. atrium No. 90 revealed that the lipid fractions are composed of free sterols, free fatty acids, sterol esters, glycolipids, phospholipids and squalene.

ABDEL-MALLEK A.Y., MAZEN M.B., ALLAM A.D., HASHEM M. (1997): Specific responses of some phytopathogenic fungi to fungicides.   [fungicides, phytopathogenic species, Egypt]  Czech Mycology 50(1): 35-44   (published: 29th September, 1997)
  abstract   Laboratory experiments were carried out to examine the effect of four fungicides on spore germinating potentialities, radial growth and survival of viable propagules in soil of five phytopathogenic fungal species. The test organisms were achieved from infected roots of wheat plants cultivated in the Assiut area, Egypt. These were: Altemaria alternata, Cochliobolus sativus, Drechslera halodes, Fusarium moniliforme and F. oxysporum. The fungicides reduced germ tube production and radial growth of all fungi, and the reduction increased with increase in concentration. The maximal reduction was recorded at 50 μg/ml. At this concentration, Homai prevented spore germination of all test species. Neither F. moniliforme nor F. oxysporum can grow on agar medium supplemented with 50 μg/ml of either Benlate or Homai. The suppressive effect of fungicides on spore survival in soil cultures was also noticed but seemed to be lower than in agar application. In certain treatments, the numbers of viable propagules of tested fungi were not significantly affected in autoclaved nor non-autoclaved soil.

FASSATIOVÁ O. (1995): Micromycetes in archives and book depositories in the Czech Republic.   [Micromycetes, archives, allergies, Czech Republic]  Czech Mycology 48(1): 77-86   (published: 16th May, 1995)
  abstract   Species representation of micromycetes and their frequency were studied in the period 1981-1988 in four archives in Prague and near Prague and in one depository in West Bohemia. Representants of genera Penicillium, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Mucor and Rhizopus isolated by sediment plate method and from the surfaces of the archive depots were the most frequent in all observed spaces. The higher number of the most frequent species was always found in older and for the archive purposes less convenient buildings, while inside the new building the number of the most frequent species was very low. In suitable conditions only a limited number of species for which the given specific conditions are convenient, act as destructive. They are mostly Penicillium which form coherent growing covers on the backs of the books and cartons. Spores of these fungi released by their growth contaminate the atmosphere of these spaces and can cause allergies in sensitive persons.

HOUDA J. (1993): Proliferation on Phallus impudicus.  Česká Mykologie 46(3-4): 328-331   (published: 25th August, 1993)

KUBÁTOVÁ A. (1992): New records of micromycetes from Czechoslovakia. I.  Česká Mykologie 45(4): 155-163   (published: 21st May, 1992)
  abstract   Five micromycetes (Apiosordaria verruculosa, Exserohilum pedicellatum, Periconia circinata, Sporendocladia bactrospora and Staphylotrichum coccosporum) are reported from Czechoslovakia for the first time. They were isolated from soils, bark and leaves. Descriptions and illustrations are given.

FRAGNER P., MIŘEJOVSKÝ P. (1990): Key to histological identification of causative agents in systemic mycoses II.  Česká Mykologie 44(2): 65-76   (published: 22nd June, 1990)
  abstract   Based on authors’ experience and data from literature the key suggests identification of microscopical fungi according to morphology of mycotic elements found in histological sections from human and animal tissues. Part II: Concise information about species and varieties comprising remarks on occurrence and character of diseases in humans and animals, morphology of fungi in tissues and histopathological pictures.

ŘEPOVÁ A. (1989): Soil micromycetes from Czechoslovakia - a list of isolated species with bibliography. II.  Česká Mykologie 43(4): 235-243   (published: 17th November, 1989)
  abstract   A list of micromycetes (saprophytic, keratinophilic, rhizosphere, nematophagous, ovicidal, dermatophytes, and cellular slime moulds) isolated from various Czechoslovak soils is presented. The paper includes distribution data and literature citations for each species. It is the second installment of the series and documents a wide variety of fungi, including Chaetomium species and other frequently encountered genera.

HÝSEK J., TEMPÍROVÁ Z. (1986): The occurrence of Ascochyta Lib. and Didymella Sacc. on the leaves of cereals in Czechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 40(2): 86-94   (published: 10th May, 1986)
  abstract   Ascochyta avenae, Ascochyta tritici and Didymella sp. were identified on oats, wheat and barley leaves collected in 10 localities near Tachov (West-Bohemian region) in the spring of 1984. In our material yellow-and-brown lesions on oats were marginated dark red and contained irregularly dispersed pycnidia of Ascochyta avenae (Petr.) Sprague et Johns, [syn. Pseudodiplodia avenae (Petr.) Petr.]. Pycnidia were sized in average 139.5 x 134.25 µm, pycnospores 24.5 x 6.2 µm, having 1–2 septa. Infected spots of wheat and barley leaves were spindle-shaped, dark brown marginated. Ascochyta tritici Hori et Enjoji identified in wheat had pycnidia 138.5 x 130 µm in average, pycnospores 15.5 x 4.6 µm, normally having one central septum, two or even three septa were rare. In barley perithecia of fungus Didymella sp. were found 128 x 147 µm in average, with asci 55 x 11.5 µm and ascospores 15.5 x 6.2 µm, with one central septum. The above-mentioned fungi were cultivated on maltose-dextrose agar at 20–25°C, for 14 days under UV-light (365 nm).

ŘEPOVÁ A. (1986): The occurrence of microscopic fungi in air of the building of the Czechoslovak Acadeny of Sciences in České Budějovice.  Česká Mykologie 40(1): 19-29   (published: 7th February, 1986)
  abstract   68 species of microscopic fungi were isolated from the air in the building of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in České Budějovice. 16 species were opportunistic, 12 allergenic, and 13 mycotoxin producers. 8 species were reported as air-borne fungi in literature.

Abstracts of papers delivered at the 7th Conference of Czechoslovak mycologists held at České Budějovice, 13-18 September, 1982.  Česká Mykologie 37(2): 108-128   (published: 1983)
  abstract   Abstracts of papers delivered at the 7th Conference of Czechoslovak Mycologists, held at České Budějovice, 13–18 September 1982 - 1st Section: Taxonomy, Ecology and Mycofloristics

ČAČA Z. (1982): Present trends in the world phytopathological research.  Česká Mykologie 36(2): 65-71   (published: 15th May, 1982)
  abstract   Vararia granulosa (Fr.) Laurila is a name which cannot be applied to the fungus for which it is now commonly used. Fries (1838, 1874) considered the element representing our Vararia only a marginal part of his broad concept of Grandinia granulosa (Pers. ex Fr.) Fr. As there is no legitimate name for the fungus in question, Vararia borealis Pouz. spec. nov. is proposed for it here.

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