Nuclear relationships in hyphae of the basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita were studied using phase contrast microscopy and in vivo observation of terminal and subterminal cells from microcultures. While dikaryotic cultures showed the expected 2 nuclei per cell, monokaryotic cultures displayed multinucleate terminal cells with 2–8 nuclei, and 2 nuclei in subterminal cells. This phenomenon was observed under various media, cultivation temperatures, and incompatibility factor combinations. It indicates that several mitotic divisions precede septum formation in monokaryotic hyphae. Monokaryotic fructification is also known in Agrocybe aegerita.
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