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Search for "TRICHOPHYTON": 81 articles found in Index.

RYBNIKÁŘ A., HEJTMÁNEK M., WEIGL E. (2003): Survival rate of Trichophyton equinum and T. verrucosum mutants at lyophilisation.   [lyophilisation, dermatophytes, mutants]  Czech Mycology 55(3-4): 273-276   (published: 22nd December, 2003)
  abstract   Trichophyton equinum and T. verrucosum mutants were prepared from monoconidial wild-type strains by induction with ultraviolet radiation. The percentage of elements surviving at lyophilisation was approximately the same as or higher than that of relativ ewild-type strain with four of twelve T. equinum mutants and five of nine T. verrucosum mutants. With remaining eight T. equinum mutants and four T. verrucosum mutants the ability to survive at lyophilisation was lower in comparison with the wild-type strains.

OTČENÁŠEK M., DVOŘÁK J. (1985): Fungi infecting man. Taxonomy of agents of human mycoses in an alphabetical survey.  Česká Mykologie 39(3): 155-164   (published: 1985)
  abstract   An orientational survey of taxonomy of fungi which have been described as agents of human mycoses is given. An alphabetical list of 163 agents contains data on synonyms of the individual species and organs afflicted by them. The literature citation of the earliest paper calling attention to pathogenicity is provided. Current nomenclature of anamorph and teleomorph stages and their mutual relation is discussed.

DITRICH O., OTČENÁŠEK M. (1982): Microsporum vanbreuseghemii and Trichophyton simii in Czechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 36(4): 236-242   (published: 1982)
  abstract   Two dermatophyte isolates not previously reported in Czechoslovakia were obtained from the fur of small mammals. The first, from Sciurus vulgaris, corresponds to Microsporum vanbreuseghemii, and the second, from Microtus arvalis, closely resembles Trichophyton simii. Data on their global distribution suggest they are not strictly endemic. The authors emphasize the importance of mammalian fur for the heterotrophic survival of these fungi.

OTČENÁŠEK M., DVOŘÁK J. (1973): A comparison of media for macroconidial production of Trichophyton rubrum.  Česká Mykologie 27(3): 156-158   (published: 1973)
  abstract   In 132 soil samples collected in Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, several keratinophilic fungi were identified, including Microsporum gypseum, Chrysosporium spp., and Trichophyton spp. Eight strains of M. gypseum were pathogenic to guinea pigs. The findings provide insight into the regional distribution and pathogenic potential of soil-borne dermatophytes.

LENHART K., WEIGL E. (1971): Macroconidia of mutants of Trichophyton ajelloi (Vanbreuseghem 1952) Ajello 1968.  Česká Mykologie 25(1): 55-56   (published: 28th January, 1971)
  abstract   Nine mutants of Trichophyton ajelloi derived from strain 205 were studied for macroconidial size and shape. Despite major morphological changes, macroconidial features remained stable. The findings suggest that macroconidial morphology is a reliable character for species identification in dermatophytes.

FRÁGNER P., MÚČKA V. (1966): Rubronigrin, new antibiotic substance from Trichophyton rubrum var. nigricans.  Česká Mykologie 20(3): 182-183   (published: 1966)
  abstract   Black-pigmented cultures of Trichophyton rubrum var. nigricans produce an antibiotic called rubronigrin. Effective extraction and purification methods are described. The substance is effective against a broad range of fungi including Cryptococcus, Candida, Aspergillus, Mucor, and others.

FRÁGNER P. (1966): Trichophyton rubrum (Cast.) Sabouraud var. nigricans var. nova.  Česká Mykologie 20(1): 27-28   (published: 1966)
  abstract   Trichophyton rubrum (Cast.) Sabouraud var. nigricans var. nova differs from the typical form by producing a dark brown pigment and an antibiotic effective against Cryptococcus. Cultures were obtained from diseased nails and skin. The fungus shows no significant microscopic differences from the typical form.

Varia.  Česká Mykologie 19(2): 113   (published: 1965)

FRÁGNER P. (1965): Die mykostatische Wirkung von Trichophyton rubrum auf Kryptokokken.  Česká Mykologie 19(2): 111-113   (published: 1965)
  abstract   Darkly pigmented cultural forms of Trichophyton rubrum (Cast.) Sabouraud produce on Sabouraud's agar an antimycotic substance effective against Cryptococcus neoformans, C. diffluens and Torulopsis stellata. The active substance has not yet been isolated.

BUCHNÍČEK J. (1964): Variability of the respiration of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale.  Česká Mykologie 18(2): 117-121   (published: 16th April, 1964)
  abstract   The study shows physiological differences in respiration between fluffy and smooth strains of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale. Fluffy strains have high initial respiratory activity which decreases over time, whereas smooth subcultures show a later peak. Variability of respiration is greater in starved and aged mycelia.

HEJTMÁNEK M. (1963): Trichophyton terreste Durie et Frey - Isolation des konidialen und perfekten Stadiums.  Česká Mykologie 17(4): 195-199   (published: 18th October, 1963)

HEJTMÁNKOVÁ-UHROVÁ N. (1963): Vergleichung der Assimilationsfähigkeiten des Trichophyton violaceum (Sab.) Bodin und der faviformen Morphose des Trichophyton gypseum Bodin.  Česká Mykologie 17(2): 102-108   (published: 9th April, 1963)

PONER K. (1959): Ciboria subvillosula (Rehm) Svrček und ihre neue Funde in Böhmen.  Česká Mykologie 13(3): 181-182   (published: 20th July, 1959)

HEJTMÁNKOVÁ-UHROVÁ N. (1959): Zur faviformen Variabilität des Trichophyton gypseum Bodin.  Česká Mykologie 13(3): 171-181   (published: 20th July, 1959)

FRÁGNER P. (1958): Ad specierum generis Trichophyton Malmsten 1845 taxonomiam.  Česká Mykologie 12(1): 42-47   (published: 20th January, 1958)

FRÁGNER P. (1956): Příspěvek k proměnlivosti Trichophyton gypseum Bodin 1902.  Česká Mykologie 10(2): 105-113   (published: 30th June, 1956)

KOTLABA F. (1955): Prášivka uherská - Bovista hungarica Holl. - houba našich polí.  Česká Mykologie 9(4): 169-171   (published: 17th November, 1955)

FRÁGNER P., KRAUSKOPF J. (1955): Trichophyton Schoenleini Lebert 1843 var. album Sabouraud 1908, původce epidemií a epizootií v zemědělství.  Česká Mykologie 9(4): 165-169   (published: 17th November, 1955)

SVRČEK M. (1955): Několik zajímavých druhů našich větších vřeckatých hub.  Česká Mykologie 9(1): 14-19   (published: 26th February, 1955)

HEJTMÁNKOVÁ N., HEJTMÁNEK M. (1955): Vznik koremií v kultuře Trichophyton Kaufmann-Wolf.  Česká Mykologie 9(1): 9-14   (published: 26th February, 1955)

KRUPODOROVA T., BARSHTEYN V., KIZITSKA T., RATUSHNYAK V., BLUME Y. (2023): Antagonistic activity of selected macromycetes against two harmful micromycetes.   [ascomycetes, Aspergillus niger, basidiomycetes, dual-culture, Penicillium polonicum.]  Czech Mycology 75(1): 85-100   (published: 23rd June, 2023)
  abstract   Competition between 31 macromycete species and two harmful micromycetes Aspergillus niger and Penicillium polonicum was evaluated using dual-culture plate assay. All investigated fungi, except for Inonotus obliquus and Lepista luscina, possessed different levels of antagonistic activity against the tested micromycetes. Hypsizygus marmoreus and Lyophyllum shimeji were inactive against A. niger. Morchella esculenta and Oxyporus obducens were passive in the case of co-growth with P. polonicum. The study of fungal interactions showed variability in types of reactions and level of their visualisation. Co-cultivation of the studied species resulted in the following reactions: deadlock after mycelial contact and at a distance, partial or complete replacement after initial deadlock on contact. In general, the studied macromycetes showed moderate activity against the two micromycetes, as 11 species showed active and 7 species moderate antagonism. Results revealed higher antagonistic activity of macromycetes against P. polonicum than in A. niger co-cultures. Wood-decaying species Ganoderma lucidum and Trametes versicolor were the most active fungi against the two tested micromycetes with a maximal antagonism index. These findings provide valuable insights which can be further explored by means of in vivo assays to find a suitable agent for the biocontrol of diseases or spoilage caused by A. niger and P. polonicum.

Abstracts of the International Workshop “ONYGENALES 2020: Basic and Clinical Research Advances in Dermatophytes and Dimorphic Fungi”.  Czech Mycology 72(2): 163-198   (published: 10th September, 2020)
  abstract   The ONYGENALES workshop is a bi-annual meeting organised by ISHAM Working Group ONYGENALES (onygenales.org). It brings together researchers, students, clinicians, laboratorians and public health professionals across biomedical disciplines, who are interested in current developments in dermatophyte, dimorphic and keratinophilic fungi research. The abstracts are arranged according to the thematic sessions as they appeared in the programme: Session 1: Antifungal resistance and susceptibility testing, Session 2: Taxonomy of keratinophilic and dimorphic fungi, Session 3: Taxonomy of dermatophytes, Session 4: Population genetics and genomics, Session 5: Emerging and zoonotic pathogens, Session 6: Epidemiology, Session 7: Diagnostics and treatment approaches, Session 8: Virulence factors and pathogenesis

STUCHLÍK D., MENCL K., HUBKA V., SKOŘEPOVÁ M. (2011): Fungal melanonychia caused by Onychocola canadensis: first records of nail infections due to Onychocola in the Czech Republic.   [onychomycosis, Arachnomyces nodosetosus, fungal infection, elderly people, soil fungi]  Czech Mycology 63(1): 83-91   (published: 10th August, 2011)
  abstract   Onychocola canadensis is a non-dermatophyte filamentous fungus with an unusual ecology. Hitherto, O. canadensis has been isolated only from human nails and skin, although attempts to isolate it from the environment have been unsuccessful. We describe two new cases of onychomycosis caused by O. canadensis with dissimilar clinical appearance. The first infection manifested itself as distal and lateral onycholysis with conspicuous black pigmentation. As far as we know, this is the first description of O. canadensis onychomycosis in the Czech Republic. In connection with this case, the authors emphasise the importance of mycological laboratory examination of dark nail lesions. Based on photodocumentation, a second case of onychomycosis due to O. canadensis was identified retrospectively.This case manifested itself as distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis with yellow discoloration, which is more typical of O. canadensis onychomycosis. Morphological characteristics important for discrimination of O. canadensis from other medically important fungi are discussed.

LYSKOVÁ P. (2007): Saprotrophic microscopic fungi and dermatophytes accompanying infections of the skin and nails of patients in the Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic).   [saprotrophic microscopic fungi, dermatophytes, superficial mycose, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis]  Czech Mycology 59(1): 125-137   (published: 28th June, 2007)
  abstract   Over a 19-month period, the spectrum of saprotrophic microscopic fungi isolated from 245 patients in the Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech Republic) was analysed. Saprotrophic microscopic fungi were isolated from nails (90 %) and skin (10 %). None was isolated from hair. The material was the most frequently positive for the presence of Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (32.6 %) followed by Cladosporium sphaerospermum (5.3 %), Aspergillus versicolor (4.0 %), Geomyces pannorum (4.0 %) and others.Dermatophytes and saprotrophic microscopic fungi were both studied within one year and represented 1110 isolates. Dermatophytes were isolated in most of the cases and represented 943 isolations (85 %). The saprotrophic microscopic fungus Scopulariopsis brevicaulis is a known causative agent of onychomycosis. In the evaluation including dermatophytes it ended in the 3rd position with 5.2 % of isolations behind Trichophyton rubrum (80 %) and T. mentagrophytes (8 %).

DESHMUKH S.K., VEREKAR S.A. (2006): The occurrence of dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi from the soils of Himachal Pradesh (India).   [Himachal Pradesh, hilly areas, soil fungi, keratinophilic fungi, India]  Czech Mycology 58(1-2): 117-124   (published: 10th August, 2006)
  abstract   Results of a preliminary study of keratinophilic fungi from soils collected from a variety of sites in hilly areas of Himachal Pradesh, India, are reported. A total of 122 soil samples were examined, of which 101 samples were positive for keratinophilic fungi and related dermatophytes. Eleven species of five genera were isolated viz. Chrysosporium indicum (11 %), C. keratinophilum (4 %), C. queenslandicum (25 %), C. tropicum (19 %), Chrysosporium sp. (2 %), C. xerophilum (2 %), Chrysosporium state of Ctenomyces serratus (2 %), Malbranchea gypsea (7 %), Microsporum canis (2 %), Microsporum gypseum complex (9 %) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (1 %).

Colloquium „Fungi as Model Organisms in Research and Biotechnology - III“ Olomouc, Czech Republic, 2 September 2005.  Czech Mycology 57(3-4): 307-323   (published: 10th February, 2006)
  abstract   The colloquium was a continuation of the previous scientific meetings that took place in Olomouc in 1999 and 2002 (Czech Mycology 52: 139-178, 2000 and 55: 103-149, 2003). It was organised by the Commission for Experimental Mycology of the Czechoslovak Microbiological Society and the Czech Scientific Society for Mycology together with the Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Palacký University, Olomouc. The aim of the colloquium was to provide a platform for a broad discussion on experimental mycology in all branches of basic and applied research. Besides two plenary lectures, 8 short communications and 8 posters were presented. In total 32 researchers from the Czech and Slovak Republics took part in the colloquium and discussed various topics important for the further development of experimental mycology. Abstracts of the contributions are given here.

NOVÁKOVÁ A., PIŽL V. (2003): Mycoflora in the intestine of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) and in vermiculture substrates.   [cattle manure, saprotrophic and cellulolytic microfungi, earthworms]  Czech Mycology 55(1-2): 83-102   (published: 23rd July, 2003)
  abstract   Mycoflora of three commercial vermiculture systems based on cattle manure derived sub­ strates and Eisenia andrei earthworms was studied using several isolation methods. A total of 172 taxa of saprotrophic micromycetes were isolated (19 taxa of Zygomycetes, 9 taxa of Ascomycetes and 144 taxa of mitosporic fungi). Aspergillus fumigatus was the most frequent microfungal species in the intestine of Eisenia andrei. In vermicuture substrates, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus were among species isolated very frequently by the soil dilution method, while Rhizopus stolonifer was estimated as frequent species using the soil washing isolation technique.

KUNERT J., NOVOTNÝ R. (2002): Degradation of human hair by three soil fungi. An electron microscopic study.   [keratinophilic fungi, keratinolysis, human hair, electron microscopy]  Czech Mycology 53(3): 189-201   (published: 10th January, 2002)
  abstract   Degradation of hair keratin has been studied in three soil fungi differing in keratinolytic ability, viz. Keratinophyton terreum, Dictyoarthrinopsis kelleyi and Fusarium moniliforme. All fungi attacked the hair cuticle forming specialised mycelial organs, fronds, under the scale-like cuticular cells. The cortex was attacked by very thin “boring hyphae”. Their growth was intracellular and perpendicular to the hair axis. In Keratinophyton terreum older boring hyphae branched into complex formations, displayingclearlytic action on keratin. In Dictyoarthrinopsis kelleyi branching was rare and lysis of keratin weaker. In Fusarium moniliforme, a fungus not regarded askeratinophilic, the growth of boring hyphaeceasedearly and the lyticaction remained minimal. All fungi digested the less keratinised parts of the hairs (endocuticle, intercellular substance, interfibrillar matrix) prior to the lysis of hard keratin fibrils.

Colloquium "Fungi as Model Organisms in Research and Biotechnology", Olomouc, September 14th, 1999.  Czech Mycology 52(2): 139-178   (published: 20th April, 2000)
  abstract   The colloquium was organized by the joint Commission for Experimental Mycology of the Czechoslovak Microbiological Society and the Czech Scientific Society for Mycology. The purpose of the colloquium was to provide a platform for a broad discussion on the use of fungi as model organisms in both basic and applied research. The programme of the colloquium was divided into four parts dealing with the following topics: phytopathology, biotechnology and ecology, physiology and biochemistry, and medical mycology. Each topic was opened with a plenary lecture (30 min.), followed by short communications (10 min.) and accompanied by poster presentations. Besides four plenary lectures, 15 short communications and 21 posters were presented. In total 38 researchers took part in the colloquium, at who discussed various questions of importance for experimental mycology until late in the evening. Abstracts of the contributions are given here.

NOVÁKOVÁ-ŘEPOVÁ A., CHALUPSKÝ J. (1993): Microscopic fungi isolated from Fridericia galba (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae).  Česká Mykologie 46(3-4): 251-255   (published: 25th August, 1993)
  abstract   Microscopic fungi were isolated from the enchytraeid Fridericia galba (Hoffmeister, 1843), and from surrounding soil. Isolation was done from aseptically squashed enchytraeid bodies and from enchytraeid excrements prepared by defaecation into sterile conditions. The cultivation media were soil extract agar, cherry decoction agar and beer wort agar. A total of 39 fungal species was found, 29 in the excrements and 19 in the soil. In most cases, fungi isolated from the soil differed from those isolated from the excrements. Feeding preference and seasonal variation were not demonstrated. Spores of fungi were viable after passage through the enchytraeid gut. The biochemical activity of the isolated fungi indicates preferential feeding on plant remains where the degradation of cellulose, pectin and xylose predominates.

URBAN Z. (1991): Abstracts of papers delivered at the 8th conference of Czechoslovak mycologists held in Brno (August 28-September 1. 1989).  Česká Mykologie 45(1-2): 33-53   (published: 15th May, 1991)
  abstract   Abstracts of papers delivered at the 8th conference of Czechoslovak mycologists held in Brno August 28 — September 1,1989)

ŘEPOVÁ A. (1990): Soil micromycetes from from Czechoslovakia - a list of isolated species with bibliography. IV.  Česká Mykologie 44(3): 170-178   (published: 22nd October, 1990)
  abstract   A list of micromycetes (including saprophytic, keratinophilic, rhizosphere, nematophagous, ovicidal, dermatophytic fungi, and cellular slime moulds) isolated from Czechoslovak soils is presented with references and data on their distribution. Listed species include Talaromyces flavus, T. luteus, T. purpureus, T. trachyspermus, T. wortmanii, Tetracoccosporium paxianum, Thamnidium elegans, Th. verticillatum, Thielavia basicola, Th. terricola, Thumenella sp.

VOLLEKOVÁ A. (1990): Anixiopsis stercoraria - a rare agent of human dermatomycoses.  Česká Mykologie 44(3): 147-151   (published: 22nd October, 1990)
  abstract   Anixiopsis stercoraria, a keratinophilic ascomycete, is globally distributed in soils and has recently been sporadically recorded as a cause of human dermatomycoses. Lesions are clinically indistinguishable from dermatophytoses. Six strains isolated from patients with suspected dermatomycoses were examined; five were considered incidental findings. Morphological features and cleistothecia formation on various media are described.

ČAČA Z., ČERNÝ A. (1990): 8th Conference of Czechoslovak mycologists (Brno, 28.8.-1.9.1989).  Česká Mykologie 44(2): 115-118   (published: 22nd June, 1990)

ŘEPOVÁ A. (1989): Soil micromycetes from Czechoslovakia - a list of isolated species with bibliography. II.  Česká Mykologie 43(4): 235-243   (published: 17th November, 1989)
  abstract   A list of micromycetes (saprophytic, keratinophilic, rhizosphere, nematophagous, ovicidal, dermatophytes, and cellular slime moulds) isolated from various Czechoslovak soils is presented. The paper includes distribution data and literature citations for each species. It is the second installment of the series and documents a wide variety of fungi, including Chaetomium species and other frequently encountered genera.

URBAN Z. (1987): Die tschechoslowakische Mykologie 1981-1985.  Česká Mykologie 41(3): 162-171   (published: 10th August, 1987)

FRAGNER P. (1987): Microscopical diagnostic of onychomycoses.  Česká Mykologie 41(3): 153-161   (published: 10th August, 1987)
  abstract   Microscopical investigation in medical mycology is not less reliable than cultivation. Group classification is also precise enough in microscopical diagnosis of onychomycoses in KOH preparations with Parker ink (Parker Super Quink, blue-black, permanent). Detailed findings as well as distinguishing features in onychomycoses caused by yeasts, Scopulariopsis and dermatophytes are presented, accompanied by photographs.

Seminar Fungi in Biotechnology, Brno 1985 (Šašek V.).  Česká Mykologie 40(2): 110-115   (published: 10th May, 1986)

Seminar on „Morphogenesis of Fungi“, Olomouc, May 31, 1984.  Česká Mykologie 40(1): 52-58   (published: 7th February, 1986)

FRAGNER P. (1985): Keys for identification of yeasts from human material according to new points of view.  Česká Mykologie 39(4): 234-242   (published: 8th November, 1985)
  abstract   Identification keys were presented for 46 yeasts from human material in this country. Based on the author's own cultures and experience, they conform with the modern monograph by Kreger-van Rij et al. Some new trends and issues in yeast diagnostics are also addressed.

VOLLEKOVÁ A. (1985): Keratinophilic fungi in rodents‘ burrows and in their adjoining surroundings.  Česká Mykologie 39(2): 97-105   (published: 1985)
  abstract   A group of 150 women suspected of mycotic colpitis was examined. Mycological cultures were positive in only 52%. False positives from routine microscopy were noted. Species of yeast, clinical symptoms, findings in oral cavity and rectum, and perianal lesions were reported. Mixed infections were discussed. Patients were treated with vaginal and oral Nystatin. Mycological negativity occurred in 43% of pregnant and 75% of non-pregnant women; complete cure in 24% and 33% respectively. After delivery, 78% of women recovered spontaneously without treatment.

VÁŇOVÁ M. (1985): Genus Absidia van Tiegh. (Mucorales) in Czechoslovakia. III.  Česká Mykologie 39(2): 85-96   (published: 1985)
  abstract   Average number of isolates of keratinophilic fungi was 2.3 to 2.8 times higher in soil and nesting material from rodents’ burrows compared to cultivated or uncultivated soils, and 3.6 times higher than in plant samples from rodent paths. Besides common soil keratinophilic fungi (e.g., Trichophyton ajelloi, T. terrestre, Microsporum cookei, M. gypseum, Chrysosporium spp.), the dermatophyte Microsporum persicolor was found in 6% of soil and 44.4% of nesting samples, most often in burrows with remains of Clethrionomys glareolus and Apodemus sylvaticus.

Abstracts of papers delivered at the 7th Conference of Czechoslovak mycologists held at České Budějovice, 13-18 September, 1982.  Česká Mykologie 37(2): 108-128   (published: 1983)
  abstract   Abstracts of papers delivered at the 7th Conference of Czechoslovak Mycologists, held at České Budějovice, 13–18 September 1982 - 1st Section: Taxonomy, Ecology and Mycofloristics

RYBNIKÁŘ A., DITRICH O., PYTELA F. (1983): Lyophilization of some cultures of dermatophytes.  Česká Mykologie 37(2): 93-98   (published: 1983)
  abstract   The effect of lyophilization on the viability of germs of eleven species of dermatophytic fungi was studied. Cultures composed mainly of microconidia retained viability, while those composed of hyphae, macroconidia, and chlamydospores showed reduced viability. No changes in morphology or virulence were observed. For Trichophyton verrucosum, viability dropped by 20–78% after five years of storage at 4°C.

DITRICH O., OTČENÁŠEK M. (1983): A mycological and ecological study of dermatophyte Microsporum persicolor.  Česká Mykologie 37(1): 42-48   (published: 1983)
  abstract   Microsporum persicolor (Sabouraud 1910) Guiart et Grigorakis 1928 was found in healthy hair of 4.3% of bank voles (n = 163), 0.9% of wood mice (n = 119) and 0.8% of domestic cats (n = 261). The results of the authors’ own isolation experiments were compared with the literature data of this dermatophyte in healthy and afflicted hair of different animal species. The properties of 18 strains of various origin were studied at length in cultivation on special mycological media. The perfect stage — Nannizzia persicolor Stockdale 1967 — was obtained by mating some monosporic isolates.

HUBÁLEK Z. (1981): A systematic survey of dimorphic and polymorphic fungi.  Česká Mykologie 35(4): 209-226   (published: 1981)
  abstract   Various definitions of the term dimorphism in fungi are briefly discussed and a general concept is given with a suggested morphological classification of the dimorphism. Dimorphism (and polymorphism) is delimited as an environmentally controlled reversible phenotypic duality (or plurality in the case of polymorphism) in the morphogenesis of the vegetative fungal cells, which is not restricted to pathogenic species and to the mycelial-yeast transitions only. A systematic list and an alphabetical index of the fungi exhibiting the phenomena of cellular dimorphism or polymorphism are presented.

FRAGNER P. (1981): Further experience with Castellani’s „Water cultures“.  Česká Mykologie 35(3): 161-164   (published: 1981)
  abstract   Microscopic fungi survive in sterile, distilled water at laboratory temperature for various lengths of time, from less than 11 months (Kloeckera apiculata) to more than 11 years (Sporothrix schenckii). The survival times of some species as well as their spontaneous variability are given. Castellani’s “water cultures” are only an emergency solution for maintaining live collections. Some yeast species which are morphologically or biochemically similar have also similar survival times in water.

FRAGNER P., HEJZLAR J., RUBEŠ M. (1979): Otomycoses and mycoflora of otitides.  Česká Mykologie 33(4): 229-236   (published: 1979)
  abstract   With one third of the patients suffering from otitis there occur microscopic fungi in the ear swabs, but they can be considered agents of the disease in approximately one half of the positive findings only. During the last 15 years, fungi were cultivated from the ear swabs of 472 patients with various ear diseases, mostly otitis externa. The most frequent yeasts in otomycoses were Candida parapsilosis and C. albicans, while the most frequent Aspergillus species were A. fumigatus, A. flavus, and A. niger. Clinical pictures and treatment of some external otitides are briefly mentioned.

HUBÁLEK Z., ROSICKÝ B., OTČENÁŠEK M. (1979): Fungi on the hair of small wild mammals in Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.  Česká Mykologie 33(2): 81-93   (published: 1979)
  abstract   A new record of dry rot fungus Serpula lacrimans (Wulf. ex Fr.) Schroet. on the trunk bases of two living trees of Norway Spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in the Botanical Garden in Průhonice near Prague is described. Differences between Serpula lacrimans and Serpula himantioides (Fr. ex Fr.) Karst. and the phytopathological significance of the new record are discussed.

STANGL J., VESELSKÝ J. (1979): Inocybe pyriodora (Pers. ex Fr.) Kummer und die Verwandten (Beiträge zur Kenntnis seltenerer Inocyben. Nr. 14).  Česká Mykologie 33(2): 68-80   (published: 1979)
  abstract   From 743 wild mammals representing 3 orders (Insectivora, Chiroptera and Rodentia), 7 families, 17 genera and 29 species, a total of 1584 fungi from 76 genera were isolated, of which 18.4% were keratinolytic fungi. Several dermatophytes (Microsporum cookei, M. persicolor, and Trichophyton ajelloi) and other pathogenic fungi for humans and animals (Aspergillus fumigatus, Cephalosporium acremonium) were detected at low frequency. A comparison between the fungal flora of mammal fur and bird plumage showed both similarities and differences in species and genera composition.

Abstracts of papers delivered at the 6th Conference of Czechoslovak mycologists held at Pezinok, 19.-23. September 1977.  Česká Mykologie 32(2): 99-122   (published: 1978)
  abstract   Tradice mezinárodních mykologických kongresů není stará. První byl v roce 1971 v anglickém Exeteru. K vrcholným vědeckým setkáním tohoto typu nelze přiřazovat již delší dobu pořádané Sjezdy evropských mykologů. Druhý mezinárodní mykologický kongres se konal ve dnech 27. VIII. až 3. IX. 1977 v prostorách University of South Florida v Tampě. Zúčastnilo se ho více než 1200 specialistů ze 43 zemí.

JANEČKOVÁ V., FASSATIOVÁ O., DANIEL M., KŘIVANEC K. (1977): Findings of soil microscopic fungi in the Himalaya Mountains (Nepal).  Česká Mykologie 31(4): 206-213   (published: 1977)
  abstract   Within the framework of the 1973 Czechoslovak expedition in the Makalu Mountain region in the Himalayas (East Nepal) a total of 43 soil samples were collected for mycologic examination. Fourteen genera with 37 species of soil fungi were isolated from the samples. Though the spectrum of the isolated microscopic fungi was not wide, it contained 2 genera (Acremonium and Tolypocladium) and 15 species described for the first time amongst the Himalayan mycoflora. Some of the species were collected in the area for the second time. Among the keratinophilic microscopic fungi, Chrysosporium lucknowense was isolated. The investigation and the collection of soil samples took place at the altitudes of 1000–4900 m in the sites where the presence of terrestrial mammals was established, or direct from lair openings. The aim was to detect potentially pathogenic or keratinophilic microscopic fungi. Various species of microscopic fungi were isolated for the first time from the extreme climatic conditions of the high mountains characterized by an increased occurrence of UV radiation, great temperature fluctuations, strong air flow, a decrease in the air pressure and oxygen content and extreme abiotic and biotic factors influencing the specific existence of the organisms.

KŘIVANEC K., JANEČKOVÁ V., OTČENÁŠEK M. (1977): Arthroderma melis spec. nov. - a new dermatophyte species isolated from badger burrows in Czechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 31(2): 91-99   (published: 1977)
  abstract   A new species of the dermatophyte Arthroderma melis was isolated from the burrows of badgers (Meles meles) and described. The small cleistothecia of the perfect state of the fungus are characterized by asymmetric dumb-bell-shaped cells of the peridial hyphae. The imperfect state is distinguished by pink colonies consisting of hyphae with multiple sessile microconidia and single 3–4-celled macroconidia of the Trichophyton type. Intermedial forms of conidia, mostly two-celled, are also typical of the microscopic pattern. The newly described species is not pathogenic for guinea pigs and white mice and is unable to grow at 37°C. It is systematically classified into the A. curreyi group.

BUCHNÍČEK J. (1976): Growth inhibition in Dermatophytes by light.  Česká Mykologie 30(1): 41-48   (published: 1976)
  abstract   The spores and hyphae of dermatophytes are inactivated by ultraviolet light in vitro. The growth of the microcolonies is inhibited by visible light the effect of which may be increased by the photosensibilization. The inhibition degree is lessened depending on the increased wavelength of incident light. The illumination must be started immediately after the inoculation the final effect being increased by repeating the exposures. The resistance of the species and strains examined is different and not well balanced to the spectral ranges investigated.

HEJTMÁNEK M., HEJTMÁNKOVÁ N. (1976): Fluorescence microscopy of hyphal nuclei.  Česká Mykologie 30(1): 20-23   (published: 1976)
  abstract   A method of fluorescence staining of hyphal nuclei in 32 species of fungi is described. It also permits observation of nuclei in conidia and septa. The latter can be safely distinguished by combining fluorescence under incident UV light with phase contrast under penetrating light. This method is applicable to quantitative evaluation of nuclear ratios in mycelium of Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Deuteromycetes.

ČAPEK A., HANČ O. (1974): Biotransformation of steroids-chemotaxonomic characteric of lower fungi.  Česká Mykologie 28(3): 169-172   (published: 1974)
  abstract   The mycoflora of southernmost Slovakia, between Nové Zámky, Komárno, and Štúrovo, differs significantly from the rest of the country and resembles Pannonian regions. The author reports 54 herbarium-archived species, including many rare taxa. The area's rich diversity of gilled fungi and Geastrum species is emphasized.

Summa actionum, quae in Quinto Consilio Mycologorum Cechoslovacorum in urbe Olomouc 25.-27.septembri 1973 traditae sunt.  Česká Mykologie 28(2): 104-126   (published: 1974)

HERINK J. (1973): Dr. Petr Fragner quinquagenarius.  Česká Mykologie 27(4): 241-247   (published: 1973)

HEJTMÁNEK M., HEJTMÁNKOVÁ N., KUNERT J. (1973): On the occurrence of geophilic dermatophytes in Asia.  Česká Mykologie 27(3): 159-161   (published: 1973)
  abstract   Three species of Chaetomium—C. brasiliense, C. incomptum, and C. rectangulare—are reported from India for the first time. They were isolated during studies of coprophilous fungi near Delhi and identified through morphological comparisons with original descriptions and specimens.

FRAGNER P., VÍTOVEC J., VLADÍK P., ZÁHOŘ Z. (1973): Aspergillus penicilloides im solitären Lungenaspergillom bei einer Rehgeise.  Česká Mykologie 27(3): 151-155   (published: 1973)
  abstract   The suitability of 17 different culture media for stimulating macroconidial production in Trichophyton rubrum was tested. Blood agar with thiamine was found to be the most effective, inducing macroconidia formation in 59.5% of 55 tested strains. Results support the use of media with natural proteins or plant-based ingredients to improve diagnostic yield.

FRAGNER P., PAVLÍČKOVÁ H., SODOMKOVÁ M. (1972): Nährboden mit Indikator für Dermatophytenzüchtung.  Česká Mykologie 26(4): 228-229   (published: 1972)
  abstract   The acidic culture medium with phenol red indicator, as modified from Taplin et al., proved successful. All dermatophytes stained red and also turned the medium red. This medium facilitates and accelerates dermatophyte diagnostics in combination with other conventional media.

HEJTMÁNEK M., LENHART K. (1970): Contribution to faviform variability and pathogenicity of dermatophytes.  Česká Mykologie 24(4): 192-197   (published: 29th October, 1970)
  abstract   The faviform UV-mutants of Microsporum cookei, Trichophyton ajelloi and Trichophyton mentagrophytes are described. Two of the eight faviform mutants of T. mentagrophytes were pathogenic for guinea pigs, the others were non-pathogenic. The changed morphology of faviform mutants derived from T. mentagrophytes was permanent even after recultivation from animal lesion. The authors classify faviform changes known up to now into three categories: 1. Faviform modifications (reversible reaction of culture on specific environmental factors). 2. Faviform mutations (irreversible changes of cultures). 3. Syndrome of faviform senescence (spontaneous change in old cultures of dermatophytes probably caused by mutation in cytoplasmic or nuclear determinant).

HEJTMÁNEK M., LENHART K. (1970): Reversion of the pleomorphism of dermatophytes.  Česká Mykologie 24(4): 187-191   (published: 29th October, 1970)
  abstract   Three avirulent mutants with normal spore production were derived from pleomorphic culture of Trichophyton mentagrophytes by means of UV radiation. The characteristics of these mutants are discussed.

FRAGNER P. (1970): Spannweite der Art Trichosporon cutaneum.  Česká Mykologie 24(3): 153-161   (published: 20th July, 1970)
  abstract   Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, ability to grow at 37°C, arbutin cleavage, starch reaction on Aschner’s medium, and sugar assimilation were studied in Trichosporon cutaneum. Great variability was found among strains. The author proposes treating T. infestans and T. jirovecii as varieties of T. cutaneum.

References.  Česká Mykologie 23(3): 162   (published: 15th July, 1969)

FRAGNER P., MÚČKA V. (1969): Experiments on the separation and identification of „Rubronigrin“.  Česká Mykologie 23(2): 127-128   (published: 1969)
  abstract   The substance which arises in cultivating mediums by means of the cultivating of Trichophyton rubrum var. nigricans (Fragner 1966) and which has an antibiotic effect on Cryptococcus (Fragner 1965) is not uniform. It is possible to release a basic gas by fast alkalising and warming of the older cultivating medium, which have pH value over 7 owing to the growth of T. rubrum var. nigricans. We determined in this gas dimethylamine by paper and gas chromatography and ammonia by the former of the two methods. The synthetic pure dimethylamine hydrochloride had an antibiotic effect. Our previous (Fragner and Múčka 1966) concentrates obtained by means of distillation were polluted by acrolein arising during dry distillation of glucose from cultivating medium. In younger cultivating mediums with pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.5 there arises — owing to the growth of T. rubrum (with a sharp maximum) — another very unstable substance with antibiotic effect, which we call at the time being “rubronigrin”.

FRAGNER P. (1969): Die Möglichkeiten der mikroskopischen Unterscheidung von Scopulariopsis brevicaulis und Dermatophyten in den Nägeln bei Onychomykosen.  Česká Mykologie 23(1): 45-49   (published: 1969)
  abstract   In Parker ink-stained preparations from scales of affected nails in cases of onychomycosis, it is sometimes possible to microscopically distinguish Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (Sacc.) Bainier from Trichophyton rubrum (Cast.) Sabouraud and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Robin) Blanchard var. interdigitale Priestley.

FRÁGNER P. (1968): Epidermophyton floccosum (Harz) Langeron et Milochevitch var. nigricans, var. nova.  Česká Mykologie 22(3): 202-205   (published: 1968)
  abstract   A new variety of Epidermophyton floccosum is described. The cultures are characterized by a dark brown pigment staining the undersurface and medium. They show antibiotic activity against Torulopsis globosa and Cryptococcus diffluens.

KUNERT J., OTČENÁŠEK M. (1968): Perfect states of Dermatophytes.  Česká Mykologie 22(1): 56-67   (published: 1968)
  abstract   The paper surveys the perfect (sexual) states of dermatophytes, fungi parasitic on human and animal skin. Over the past ten years, perfect states of 15 dermatophyte species and 4 related keratinophilic fungi have been identified. The authors summarize existing data and include new findings on physiology and genetics.

SVRČEK M. (1966): Addenda ad distributionem Melanogasteris tuberiformis Corda in Bohemia centrali.  Česká Mykologie 20(1): 28   (published: 1966)
  abstract   New localities of Melanogaster tuberiformis Corda were found in Central Bohemia, expanding its known distribution from only one previous record. The fungus was located near Klánovice and Konětopy in habitats with Molinia coerulea, Populus tremula, Betula, and Frangula alnus.

KUNERT J. (1965): Neue keratinophile Pilze in der ČSSR.  Česká Mykologie 19(4): 226-229   (published: 1965)
  abstract   Three keratinophilic fungi new to Czechoslovakia are reported: Arthroderma curreyi, A. multifidum, and Chrysosporium asperatum. The latter is likely the first published European record. These fungi were isolated from soil using hair baiting techniques, highlighting the diversity and ecological roles of keratin-degrading fungi in local soils.

HEJTMÁNEK M. (1962): Über die sogenannte pleomorphe Degeneration der Dermatophyten.  Česká Mykologie 16(2): 123-127   (published: 13th April, 1962)

Literatura.  Česká Mykologie 13(3): 188-192   (published: 20th July, 1959)

HEJTMÁNEK M., DADÁK V. (1959): Antimykotische Wirkung der Quecke (Agropyrum repens (L.) P. Beauv.).  Česká Mykologie 13(3): 183-188   (published: 20th July, 1959)

HEJTMÁNEK M. (1959): Intensity of keratinolytic activity of soil Dermatophytes.  Česká Mykologie 13(2): 103-108   (published: 20th April, 1959)

CHMEL L. (1958): Adnotationes ad questiones dermatomycologiae in Čechoslovakia.  Česká Mykologie 12(2): 104-110   (published: 20th April, 1958)

FASSATIOVÁ O. (1958): Über zwei Arten der Gattung Melanospora Corda aus der Tschechoslowakei.  Česká Mykologie 12(1): 47-49   (published: 20th January, 1958)

KŘÍŽ K. (1957): Conferencia secunda mycologorum Čechoslovakiae, Brunum 8.-12. junio 1957.  Česká Mykologie 11(4): 193-202   (published: 20th October, 1957)

SVRČEK M. (1956): První pracovní konference československých mykologů.  Česká Mykologie 10(3): 129-135   (published: 3rd September, 1956)

MELZER V. (1956): Holubinka tečkovaná - Russula punctata Krbh. (non Gill. Mre.).  Česká Mykologie 10(2): 113-116   (published: 30th June, 1956)

FRÁGNER P., SVATEK Z. (1955): Sporotrichum Gougeroti Matr. u nás.  Česká Mykologie 9(3): 139-143   (published: 26th August, 1955)

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