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Search for "NIGROSPORA|sphaerica": 8 articles found in Index.

DEEPTHI A.S., RAY J.G. (2021): Ecological relevance of the endophytic fungal diversity in velamen roots of tropical epiphytic orchids.   [epiphytes, Orchidaceae, root-associated endophytes, Trichoderma, Endomelanconiopsis, Lasiodiplodia.]  Czech Mycology 73(1): 91-108   (published: 17th May, 2021)
  abstract   The velamen roots in epiphytic orchids are rather complex, and their environmental role remains poorly understood. Fungal associates are known in the velamen roots of tropical orchids, but the magnitude of their diversity in particular species remains unknown. The primary aim of this work was to explore endophytic fungal species associated with the velamen roots of three tropical epiphytic orchids. Velamen roots were collected from 30 plants of Rhynchostylis retusa and 25 plants each of Epidendrum radicans and Oncidium sphacelatum. Endophytic fungi were isolated from 2160 segments. Twenty species of velamen-root-associated fungal endophytes were separated with a culture technique. The isolated strains were grouped into morphotypes, subsequently identified morphologically and by means of ITS DNA barcoding. Ascomycota were the dominant group with 18 species. Trichoderma cf. asperellum, Endomelanconiopsis endophytica, Trichoderma cf. atroviride and Lasiodiplodia theobromae were the most frequent taxa isolated. A majority of the identified fungi were common to more than one orchid. Colonisation rate, isolation rate, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, species richness and species evenness of the endophytic fungi from different orchids were studied and were tested for significance with the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The colonisation rate and isolation rate of fungal associates in the velamen roots were found to be distinctly the lowest in Rhynchostylis retusa.

EVALLO E., TAGUIAM J.D., BENGOA J., MAGHIRANG R., BALENDRES M.A. (2021): First report of Colletotrichum fructicola, causing anthracnose of Hylocereus plants, in the Philippines.   [Hylocereus undatus, Hylocereus monacanthus, Hylocereus megalanthus, cactus disease, pathogenicity test.]  Czech Mycology 73(1): 79-90   (published: 14th April, 2021)
  abstract   Cultivation of dragon fruit plants (Hylocereus spp.) in the Philippines has increased over the past years, and its diseases remain one of the major production challenges. In this study, a fungal pathogen, so far unknown in the country, was isolated from H. undatus from anthracnose-like lesion. Isolate MBDF0037C-1 was identified as Colletotrichum fructicola, based on combined morphological and molecular characterisation. This is the first record of C. fructicola causing anthracnose of dragon fruit plants in the Philippines. The isolate caused anthracnose to H. undatus and H. monacanthus, but not to H. megalanthus, in repeated in-vitro and in-vivo pathogenicity tests. Therefore, this study also highlights H. megalanthus as a potential source of resistance to anthracnose in dragon fruit breeding programmes.

ABDEL-HAFEZ S.I.I., ABO-ELYOUSR K.A.M., ABDEL-RAHIM I.R. (2015): Leaf surface and endophytic fungi associated with onion leaves and their antagonistic activity against Alternaria porri.   [phyllosphere, phylloplane, endophytes, purple blotch disease, antagonism]  Czech Mycology 67(1): 1-22   (published: 10th April, 2015)
  abstract   Sixty-eight fungal species belonging to 29 genera were isolated as leaf surface and endophytic fungi from healthy and purple blotch diseased onion leaves. The fungal populations associated with diseased onion leaves (1.360 × 103 CFU/g leaf in the phyllosphere, 2.614 CFU/leaf segment in the phylloplane and 1.324 CFU/leaf segment in the surface-sterilised diseased leaves) were higher than those in healthy samples (0.804 × 103 CFU in the phyllosphere, 1.184 CFU in the phylloplane, and 0.35 CFU as endophytes). Endophytic fungi of healthy leaves were represented by 12 genera and 15 species, while fungi of surface-sterilised diseased leaves included 17 species from 13 genera. The mycobiota associated with surface-sterilised diseased leaves were different from the endophytic fungi of healthy samples, whereas the disease may stimulate colonisation of opportunistic fungi causing secondary infections such as Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium spp. In contrast, healthy leaves were a source of antagonistic endophytic fungi such as Trichoderma harzianum and T. koningii. Testing the antagonistic effect of 91 fungal isolates against Alternaria porri showed that nine isolates of Trichoderma produced the highest suppressive potential (73.1%) depending on competition and mycoparasitism. Epicoccum nigrum and Penicillium oxalicum exhibited antibiosis against A. porri producing a 12 mm broad inhibition zone. In conclusion, the quantitative and qualitative compositions of fungi associated with onion leaves were distinctly influenced by A. porri infection. Mycobiota associated with asymptomatic onion leaves such as Epicoccum nigrum, Penicillium oxalicum and Trichoderma harzianum are a natural source of eco-friendly bioagents. They showed an effective antagonistic potential against A. porri, and may thus be applied as an alternative to fungicides.

ABDULLAH S.K., MONFORT E., ASENSIO L., SALINAS J., LOPEZ LLORCA L.V., JANSSON H.B. (2010): Soil mycobiota of date palm plantations in Elche, SE Spain.   [soil saprotrophic fungi, phytopathogenic fungi, Phoenix dactylifera, isolation methods]  Czech Mycology 61(2): 149-162   (published: 10th August, 2010)
  abstract   The mycobiota of soil from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plantations in Elche, SE Spain was examined using 23 soil samples and five isolation methods. One hundred and nineteen species assigned to 67 genera were isolated. The most frequent species were in decreasing order: Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Neosartorya spinosa, Thielaviopsis punctulata, Chaetomium bostrychodes, Gilmaniella macrospora, Aspergillus candidus, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus microsporus, Sordaria fimicola, Aspergillus terreus, Chaetomium murorum, Fusarium solani, Mucor racemosus, Penicillium citrinum and Thielaviopsis paradoxa. The thermotolerant and thermophilic species of Malbranchea cinnamomea, Myriococcum thermophilum, Rhizomucor miehei, Scytalidium thermophilum, Talaromyces emersonii, Thermoascus aurantiacus and Thermomyces lanuginosus were detected in various frequencies of occurrence. Our findings are compared with those from a similar survey of soil from date palm plantations in Iraq. Our study indicates that there is no characteristic mycobiota for soil in date palm plantations except for the more frequent isolation of some species well known as pathogens on date palm.

Colloquium "Fungi as Model Organisms in Research and Biotechnology - II", Olomouc, Czech Republic, September 5th–6th, 2002.  Czech Mycology 55(1-2): 103-149   (published: 23rd July, 2003)
  abstract   The colloquium was a continuation of a previous scientific meeting that took place in Olomouc in 1999 (Czech Mycology 52: 139-178, 2000). It was organised by the joint Commission for Experimental Mycology of the Czechoslovak Microbiological Society and the Czech Scientific Society for Mycology together with the Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine of Palacký University, Olomouc. The purpose of the colloquium was to provide a platform for a broad discussion on the use of fungi as model organisms in both basic and applied research. The programme of the colloquium was divided into four parts dealing with the following topics: biochemistry, biotechnology and genetics of fungi; phytopathogenic fungi; fungi pathogenic to humans and animals; and mycology of food and mycotoxins. Each topic was opened with a plenary lecture (30 min.), followed by short communications (10 min.) and accompanied by poster presentations. Besides five plenary lectures, 20 short communications and 24 posters were presented. In total 42 researchers took part in the colloquium and discussed various topics important for the further direction of experimental mycology. Abstracts of the contributions are given here.

GHERBAWY Y.A.M.H., PRILLINGER H. (2000): Root mycoflora of pepper (Capsicum annuum) antagonistic to Verticillium dahliae.   [Frequency of root fungi, Verticillium dahliae, Chaetomium globosum, Gliocladium roseum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Trichoderma harzianum, pepper seed germination]  Czech Mycology 52(3): 219-226   (published: 7th December, 2000)
  abstract   Thirty-two species belonging to 19 genera of fungi were collected from 30 soil samples from the rhizosphere of pepper plants. The fungal colonies were characterised using classical morphological methods following identification keys. The most frequently isolated fungi were Chaetomiumglobosum, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium roseum, Mucor racemosus, Myrothecium verrucaria, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. expansum and Trichoderma harzianum. The crude culture filtrate of Verticillium dahliae at 100% concentration caused sharp decrease in pepper seed germination. Chaetomium globosum, Gliocladium roseum, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichoderma harzianum produced a metabolite that retarded radial growth of Verticillium dahliae.

SARWAR M. (1974): A new anthracnose disease of Salvia sclarea L.  Česká Mykologie 28(3): 156-158   (published: 1974)
  abstract   A new anthracnose disease of Salvia sclarea L. was observed in Bangalore, India. Among seven fungi isolated, Colletotrichum dematium was identified as the causal agent. The article details the cultivation of a high-yielding French strain of the plant and describes disease symptoms and environmental conditions under which the disease developed.

JECHOVÁ V. (1963): New species of the genus Nigrospora causing rots of southern fruits - Nigrospora maydis (Garov.) Jechová and N. vietnamensis Jechová.  Česká Mykologie 17(1): 12-20   (published: 14th January, 1963)

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