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2 articles found in Index.
KOUKOL O. (2011): Early spring mycobiota of pine litter needles. [fungal diversity, fungal communities, microfungi, Pinus sylvestris] Czech Mycology 63(2): 153-161 (published: 10th August, 2011)
abstract
Rise in air temperature accompanied by snow-melting in early spring may affect fungi colonising litter needles. This study dealt with the diversity of communities of culturable microfungi colonising Scots pine litter at localities still covered by snow and after snowmelt. Surface-sterilised needles were cultivated on malt agar under two temperature regimes (8/9 and 15/16 °C) and outgrowing fungi were isolated into pure cultures and identified based on morphology and analysis of ITS and partial 28S rDNA regions. Thirty-one fungal species were isolated in total. Dominant colonisers with a colonisation frequency of over 10 % included Verticicladium trifidum, Ceuthospora pinastri, Sympodiella acicola and an unidentified member of Helotiales. Two basidiomycetes, Marasmius androsaceus and Mycena galopus, were also isolated relatively frequently from needles with snow cover, but under different temperature regimes. This preference for different temperatures reflects different niches that these species occupy in coniferous litter. Species richness was significantly higher on needles cultivated at lower temperatures. Widespread use of room temperature for cultivation of samples even from cold seasons may underestimate fungal diversity.
ISMAIL M.A., TALIGOOLA H.K., NAKAMYA R. (2008): Mycobiota associated with baby food products imported into Uganda with special reference to aflatoxigenic aspergilli and aflatoxins. [mycobiota, aflatoxigenic aspergilli, aflatoxins, imported baby foods] Czech Mycology 60(1): 75-89 (published: 4th July, 2008)
abstract
Five baby food products imported into Uganda were collected from different shops and investigated for contamination by fungi and aflatoxins. Forty-two species belonging to 21 genera in addition to some unidentified fungi were recovered on dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar. Cornflakes followed by Cerelac were the most heavily contaminated products while Heinz mixed cereal was the least. Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Fusarium tricinctum and Penicillium oxalicum were the most predominant fungi. On the other hand, using Aspergillus flavus/parasiticus agar, 34 % of the samples were positive for aflatoxigenic aspergilli. Aflatoxigenic aspergilli constituted 78.8 % of all aspergilli and 4.9 % of all contaminating fungi. Samples from all products were contaminated with aflatoxigenic aspergilli, but samples of Cerelac were the most, while those of Porridge oats were the least. Aflatoxin analysis of food samples revealed that 9 out of 13 analysed samples were contaminated with aflatoxins in the range of 1–10 ppb (6 samples) and 11–20 ppb (3 samples). Only samples of Cerelac were aflatoxin–free, although aflatoxigenic aspergilli were detected in some samples. It was noted that samples of Cerelac had the least moisture content compared to the other products. Contaminated foods constitute a health hazard to human consumption. These foods, especially those for babies, must therefore be examined at regular intervals in order to assess their hygienic quality.
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