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FUSARIUM|subglutinans":
4 articles found in Index.
PIECKOVÁ E., JESENSKÁ Z. (2002): Fusarium moniliforme, F. subglutinans and Aspergillus flavus in maize products in Slovakia. [Fusarium moniliforme, F. subglutinans, Aspergillusflavus, mycotoxins, maize] Czech Mycology 53(3): 229-235 (published: 10th January, 2002)
abstract
Ubiquitous microfungi Fusarium moniliforme, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum represent frequent contaminants of maize products and can produce some mycotoxins: beauvericin, fusaproliferin and, the most important, fumonisins A₁, A₂, B₁-B₄, C₁ etc. Fumonisins are known to cause serious veterinary, and potentially human, mycotoxicosis. The aim of our study was to characterize the incidence of F. moniliforme and F. subglutinans in the presence of Aspergillus flavus in maize products produced in Slovakia during a four-years period. One hundred and forty samples of maize grain, groat, semolina, flour, and 28 samples of maize straw, corn husk, corn silk and soil from the maize fields were mycologically evaluated for the named strains using potato-dextrose agar with 0.02 % chloramphenicol and 0.3 % of 0.2 % Botran and incubation in dark at 25⁰C for 7-10 days. No Fusarium sp. and A. flavus strains were present in 40 % of the maize samples. The highest number of F. monili for me, F. subglutinans and A. flavus isolates were encountered in flour samples in 1996 (4 264 cfu/g on average), in groat in 1998 (17 743.7 cfu/g on average), and in groat in 1996 (353 cfu/g on average). Twenty two per cent A. flavus isolates and 10 F. moniliforme strains were tested for their ability to produce aflatoxins, or fumonisin B₁, in vitro. No aflatoxin-producing A. flavus isolate was found, but all tested F. moniliforme strains produced fumonisin B₁ in amounts detectable by TLC. According to the results presented in this paper it is evident that strains of F. moniliforme, F. subglutinans and A. flavus were not very important contaminants of maize products from crops harvested in 1995-98 in Slovakia.
ABDEL-SATER M.A., MOUBASHER A.H., SOLIMAN Z.S.M. (2016): Diversity of filamentous and yeast fungi in soil of citrus and grapevine plantations in the Assiut region, Egypt. [Mycobiota, biodiversity, phenotypic and biochemical characterisation, ITS sequence, Coniochaeta canina, Aspergillus stella-maris] Czech Mycology 68(2): 183-214 (published: 20th December, 2016)
abstract
An extensive survey of soil mycobiota on citrus and grapevine plantations in Sahel-Saleem City, Assiut Governorate, Egypt was carried out using the dilution-plate method and 2 isolation media at 25 °C. Sixty-four genera and 195 species of filamentous fungi and 10 genera and 13 species of yeasts were recovered. A higher diversity (number of genera and species) and gross total counts were recovered from citrus than from grapevine soil. The peak of filamentous fungi recovered from both soils was found to be in February. Aspergillus (45 species) was the most dominant genus; A. ochraceus predominated in citrus plantations, while A. niger and A. aculeatus in grapevine. The Penicillium count came second after Aspergillus in citrus (23 species) and after Aspergillus and Fusarium in grapevine (11 species).Penicillium citrinum, P. ochrochloron and P. olsonii were more common in citrus plantations, but they were replaced by P. oxalicum in grapevine soil. Fusarium (19 species) was represented in 88.9–100% of both soils on both media; F. solani predominated in both soils, while F. incarnatum came next in citrus, and F. babinda and F. oxysporum in grapevine. Humicola (3 species) with the dominant H. fuscoatra was recorded in 61.1–83.3% of soil of both plantations, while Talaromyces (with T. purpureogenus followed by T. pinophilus being the most common) was recorded in 83.3–100% on DRBC and 38.9–50% on DYM from the soil of plantations of both crops. Volutella (5 species) was common in citrus but missing from grapevine soil. The present study reveals that hyaline fungi predominated over dark-coloured ones. Yeasts comprised only minor proportions in both soils (maximum 0.5%). They showed their peak in the soil of citrus plantations in April and in grapevine in February. All species were recovered in one or two samples only. Diutina catenulata, Debaryomyces hansenii, Galactomyces (3 species), Hanseniaspora occidentalis, Kluyveromyces marxianus, Meyerozyma caribbica, and Schwanniomyces pseudopolymorphus were encountered in citrus only, while Cryptococcus laurentii, Pichia kudriavzevii, Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Rhodotorula sp. in grapevine only. Physiological and growth characteristics were obtained for most of the recovered yeasts.
ISMAIL M.A., ABDEL-HAFEZ S.I.I., HUSSEIN N.A., ABDEL-HAMEED N.A. (2013): Contribution to physiological and biochemical diagnostics of Fusarium taxa commonly isolated in Egypt. [Fusarium, taxonomy, physiological features, acetylmethylcarbinol, diagnostic] Czech Mycology 65(1): 133-150 (published: 10th June, 2013)
abstract
Fusarium isolates belonging to 24 species and 8 sections were subjected to 11 growth, physiological and biochemical tests (166 isolates). All species were able to grow on 25% Glycerol nitrate agar (G25N), Mannitol medium, Czapek iprodione dichloran agar (CZID) and Dichloran chloramphenicol peptone agar (DCPA). Growth rate, colony colour and reverse on G25N and CZID were promising diagnostic criteria for separating species within sections. The growth rate and reverse on Mannitol agar was diagnostic not only for separation of F. oxysporum from F. solani, but also for separation of many other Fusarium species treated. The ability to grow on Tannin-sucrose agar could distinguish some species of sections Liseola and Sporotrichiella. Acid production on Creatine-sucrose agar distinguished some species of section Liseola and F. trichothecioides of section Discolor. Acetylmethylcarbinol production revealed for the first time that all isolates of F. subglutinans can produce this substance, while most remaining isolates lacked this ability. Tests for peroxidase, urease and pyrocatechol oxidase proved to be very useful. The phosphatase enzyme seems to be common in Fusarium species and therefore it is only diagnostic for F. camptoceras (negative results). Some physiological features could be used as criteria to distinguish some sections or species within the same section.
ABDULLAH S.K., MONFORT E., ASENSIO L., SALINAS J., LOPEZ LLORCA L.V., JANSSON H.B. (2010): Soil mycobiota of date palm plantations in Elche, SE Spain. [soil saprotrophic fungi, phytopathogenic fungi, Phoenix dactylifera, isolation methods] Czech Mycology 61(2): 149-162 (published: 10th August, 2010)
abstract
The mycobiota of soil from date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plantations in Elche, SE Spain was examined using 23 soil samples and five isolation methods. One hundred and nineteen species assigned to 67 genera were isolated. The most frequent species were in decreasing order: Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, Neosartorya spinosa, Thielaviopsis punctulata, Chaetomium bostrychodes, Gilmaniella macrospora, Aspergillus candidus, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus microsporus, Sordaria fimicola, Aspergillus terreus, Chaetomium murorum, Fusarium solani, Mucor racemosus, Penicillium citrinum and Thielaviopsis paradoxa. The thermotolerant and thermophilic species of Malbranchea cinnamomea, Myriococcum thermophilum, Rhizomucor miehei, Scytalidium thermophilum, Talaromyces emersonii, Thermoascus aurantiacus and Thermomyces lanuginosus were detected in various frequencies of occurrence. Our findings are compared with those from a similar survey of soil from date palm plantations in Iraq. Our study indicates that there is no characteristic mycobiota for soil in date palm plantations except for the more frequent isolation of some species well known as pathogens on date palm.
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