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CONIOTHYRIUM|minitans":
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JAMALI S. (2020): First report of Paraconiothyrium fuckelii (Didymosphaeriaceae, Pleosporales), causing stem canker of Rosa hybrida, from Iran. [Dothideomycetes, fungal disease, internal transcribed spacers, Iran mycobiota, pathogenicity.] Czech Mycology 72(1): 71-82 (published: 29th May, 2020)
abstract
In spring 2016, stem canker symptoms were observed on most Rosa hybrida plants in greenhouses of Kermanshah Province in Western Iran. Initial symptoms of the disease were brown necrotic lesions, mostly 8–10 mm long, on stems. The lesions eventually depressed and expanded to a long ellipse, resulting in yellowing and wilting of the foliage. Fungal colonies resembling those of Paraconiothyrium species were obtained from diseased tissues. Based on morphological and DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 and the 5.8S gene the fungal isolates were identified as Paraconiothyrium fuckelii. This is the first report of stem canker disease caused by this species in Iran. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on potted Rosa hybrida plants and detached branches under controlled conditions. Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the fungus is able to infect and cause canker symptoms on inoculated branches of healthy plants after four weeks. The pathogen was re-isolated from all inoculated plants after observation of the symptoms, thus meeting Koch’s postulates.
GHERBAWY Y.A.M.H., PRILLINGER H. (2000): Root mycoflora of pepper (Capsicum annuum) antagonistic to Verticillium dahliae. [Frequency of root fungi, Verticillium dahliae, Chaetomium globosum, Gliocladium roseum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Trichoderma harzianum, pepper seed germination] Czech Mycology 52(3): 219-226 (published: 7th December, 2000)
abstract
Thirty-two species belonging to 19 genera of fungi were collected from 30 soil samples from the rhizosphere of pepper plants. The fungal colonies were characterised using classical morphological methods following identification keys. The most frequently isolated fungi were Chaetomiumglobosum, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium roseum, Mucor racemosus, Myrothecium verrucaria, Penicillium aurantiogriseum, P. expansum and Trichoderma harzianum. The crude culture filtrate of Verticillium dahliae at 100% concentration caused sharp decrease in pepper seed germination. Chaetomium globosum, Gliocladium roseum, Myrothecium verrucaria, and Trichoderma harzianum produced a metabolite that retarded radial growth of Verticillium dahliae.
STANĚK M. (1984): Microorganisms in the hyphosphere of fungi. I. Introduction. Česká Mykologie 38(1): 1-10 (published: 10th February, 1984)
abstract
The surface and immediate surroundings of fungal hyphae affected by their activity is termed the „hyphosphere“. Differences between microorganisms colonizing the hyphosphere and those colonizing a substrate is termed „hyphosphere effect“. The more extensive area of fungal effect on substrate, on the surface and surroundings of fruit-bodies, i.e. the environment affected by the activity of fungi is termed „mycosphere“. The nomenclature proposed is in agreement with the classification of the phytosphere of higher plants. The brief literary survey presents data on incidence of microorganisms in hyphosphere and on their importance, taking into account the results obtained in the Czechoslovak research institutions.
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